What is a nosocomial infection?

A nosocomial infection is defined as an infection that is acquired while a patient is receiving treatment for another condition within a healthcare facility, such as a hospital. These infections typically occur 48 hours or more after being admitted. They can be caused by various pathogens, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi, and may result from a variety of factors, including surgical procedures, the use of invasive devices, or prolonged stays in medical facilities.

Understanding this definition is crucial for healthcare practitioners as nosocomial infections can significantly impact patient outcomes, lead to increased healthcare costs, and contribute to the development of antibiotic-resistant strains of microorganisms. Identification and prevention strategies are essential in minimizing these infections in healthcare settings.

In contrast, infections acquired in the community or from animals do not meet the criteria for nosocomial infections, as they occur outside of a healthcare setting. Similarly, infections specifically acquired during surgery are classified in a different category, which can sometimes overlap with nosocomial infections if they occur within the hospital context but are not limited to that definition.