What type of agent is commonly used to decrease bacterial load before surgery?

An antiseptic is commonly used to decrease bacterial load before surgery because its primary function is to reduce the presence of microorganisms on living tissue. These agents are designed to be applied to skin surfaces to lower the risk of infections during surgical procedures. Antiseptics work by destroying or inhibiting the growth of bacteria, viruses, and fungi at the site of surgery, creating a cleaner environment for surgical intervention.

In contrast, antibiotics are used to treat active infections rather than to decontaminate the surgical site before the procedure begins. Sedatives are medications used to induce relaxation or calmness before surgery, but they do not play a role in reducing bacterial load. Analgesics are pain relievers that may be used postoperatively or to manage pain during procedures but do not serve any purpose in minimizing bacterial contamination. Therefore, the role of antiseptics in a surgical setting is crucial for infection control and patient safety.