Which component of an x-ray machine is responsible for generating high voltages needed for x-ray production?

The component responsible for generating high voltages needed for x-ray production is the transformer. In an x-ray machine, the transformer serves the critical function of increasing the low voltage from the electrical supply to the high voltages required for x-ray production.

When electric current passes through the primary coil of the transformer, it generates a magnetic field that induces a high voltage in the secondary coil. This high voltage is essential for accelerating electrons from the cathode towards the anode within the x-ray tube. The kinetic energy gained by these electrons as they travel along this high-voltage potential is what ultimately leads to x-ray generation when the electrons collide with the anode target.

The rectifier, while important for converting alternating current to direct current for the x-ray tube, does not generate high voltages itself. The tube housing primarily serves to protect users from radiation and contain the x-ray tube, and the filament is used to produce electrons through thermionic emission but does not generate the necessary high voltages for x-ray production. Thus, the transformer's role is crucial for the high-voltage generation required in the x-ray production process.