Which two imaging modalities utilize non-ionizing radiation?

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a modality that utilizes non-ionizing radiation. Unlike X-rays and computed tomography (CT) scans, which use ionizing radiation to create images of the body, MRI employs strong magnetic fields and radiofrequency waves to generate detailed images of internal organs and tissues. This characteristic of MRI makes it particularly valuable in clinical settings where minimizing radiation exposure is a priority, such as with pediatric patients or during pregnancy.

Diagnostic medical sonography, also known as ultrasound, is another modality that uses non-ionizing techniques. It employs high-frequency sound waves to create images of structures within the body. The use of sound waves rather than radiation also enhances its safety profile.

In contrast, X-rays and computed tomography involve ionizing radiation, which has the potential to cause cellular damage, especially with high doses or repeated exposure. This distinction is crucial when considering the safety and suitability of imaging modalities for specific patient populations, reinforcing the importance of using non-ionizing techniques like MRI and ultrasound when appropriate.